Instructions: This is a non-working version of the actual on-line
final exam from 1999.
The final exam will be an important part of your grade, so please take
your time to do everything right. Please carefully read the 50 multiple
choice questions. As a precaution, you should print this document
and maintain a handwritten record of your answers on the printout or other
piece of paper. If you get logged out of your Internet Service Provider
due to the UUNET impairment during the last few minutes, then you should
be able to continue viewing the document and answering questions, then
when you are ready to submit your answers, dial up, log on, and hit the
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Again, make a written copy as go along. To answer the questions,
with the left mouse button, check the radio box (the round circle associated
with a, b, c, d, or e) that marks the correct answer. Each of the
remaining four responses has a flaw with respect to the original statement,
even though maybe containing some truth. Multiple choice questions
are worth 3 points each. Very important: When you have completed
your answers, hit the gray "Submit" button at the far bottom
of the page. If your exam is submitted successfully, you will be
directed to an acknowledment page. If you have provided a correct
e-mail address, you will also receive e-mail receipt of the exam.
In case of problems or questions, contact Phil Busey by beeper _______
or dialing directly into my office 954-577-6337. Our FAX number
is 954-475-4125. And my email address is turf@ufl.edu
Your name:
Your e-mail address:
The last 4-digits of your Social Security
number:
1.
Define seed with respect to grasses:
a.
a fruit
b.
a unit of dispersal
c.
a mature ovary
d.
a caryopsis
e.
a mature spikelet
2.
The most rapid growing, high recuperation type of warm-season turfgrass is:
a.
St. Augustinegrass
b.
bermudagrass
c.
bentgrass
d.
zoysiagrass
e.
bahiagrass
3.
Fifty pounds per acre is equal to:
a.
1 pound per thousand square feet
b.
2 pounds per thousand square feet
c.
cannot be determined without the analysis
d.
cannot be determined without the ground speed
e.
1 kilogram per hectare
4.
What is a name for a single filament of fungus?
a.
frass
b.
spore
c.
hypha
d.
mycelium
e.
symbiont
5.
Compared with structural (i.e., buildings) and ornamental insects, Dr. Tom Weissling said that turf insects:
a.
represent many species
b.
represent few species
c.
are mostly piercing sucking insects
d.
cannot be controlled biologically
e.
are parasitoids
6.
Based on his research on nematode life cycles, Dr. Robin Giblin-Davis said that the most effective time for treatment with nematicides was:
a.
spring
b.
summer
c.
anytime
d.
fall
e.
winter
7.
Which grass is a cool-season bunch-type grass that is notable for its wear resistance?
a.
carpetgrass
b.
Argentine bahiagrass
c.
perennial ryegrass
d.
carpetgrass
e.
Kentucky bluegrass
8.
Turf should be mown:
a.
as short as possible
b.
early in the morning
c.
a certain number of days after the last mowing
d.
so as to remove no more than 1/3 of the foliage
e.
whenever convenient
9.
The typical grass flower contains:
a.
two stigmas and three anthers
b.
two stigmas and two anthers
c.
three anthers and three stigmas
d.
three stigmas and two anthers
e.
anthers or stigmas but not both
10.
A warm-season turfgrass which is excellent for use on Florida golf courses:
a.
Festuca arundinacea
b.
Poa pratensis
c.
Cynodon spp.
d.
Hemarthria altissima
e.
Eleusine indica
11.
Which nutrient is often limited in availability at high soil pH?
a.
iron
b.
calcium
c.
aluminum
d.
nitrogen
e.
sulfur
12.
This part of the grass plant is often membranous in cool-season grasses:
a.
ligule
b.
sheath
c.
meristem
d.
spikelet
e.
anther
13.
Cool-season turfgrass that spreads only by rhizomes
a.
Agrostis palustris
b.
Agrostis alba
c.
Poa pratensis
d.
Poa annua
e.
Poa tenuifolia
14.
Turfgrass texture, one of the components of turfgrass quality, is a measure of:
a.
the number of shoots per unit area
b.
the roughness
c.
the leaf width
d.
the growth habit
e.
the smoothness
15.
In class, which was not considered as a reason for vehicular turf?
a.
flexibility in future use
b.
infiltration
c.
natural air conditioning
d.
ambience (i.e., an enjoyable mood)
e.
less expensive than asphalt
16.
Which source of nitrogen is both organic and synthetic?
a.
milorganite
b.
ammonium sulfate
c.
urea
d.
ammonium nitrate
e.
vampire bat guano
17.
What is the process by which fertilizers and pesticides are dissolved and carried through the soil column?
a.
Percolation.
b.
Infiltration.
c.
Nitrification.
d.
Leaching.
e.
None of the above.
18.
Pyricularia grisea causes which disease of turfgrasses?
a.
Brownpatch.
b.
Dollar spot.
c.
Take all root rot.
d.
Gray leaf spot.
e.
It's an insect
19.
Most turf pathogens are:
a.
Bacteria.
b.
Fungi.
c.
Viruses.
d.
Mycorrhizae.
e.
Mycoplasmae.
20.
Which is a bacteria which produces a biopesticide used against caterpillars?
a.
Gaeumannomyces graminis
b.
Rhizoctonia solani.
c.
Scapteriscus vicinus.
d.
Bacillus thuringensis.
e.
None of the those listed
21.
A serious insect pest which can be fatal to people.
a.
Rhizoctonia solani.
b.
Scapteriscus vicinus.
c.
Bacillus thuringensis.
d.
Solenopsis invicta.
e.
Cynodon spp.
22.
Turfgrasses are established from different sized pieces. In general, the more rapid expansion (based on amount of plant material) is obtained from:
a.
stolonizing
b.
plugging
c.
seeding
d.
sprigging
e.
sodding
23.
The main objective for removing dead vegetation from a future turf area is:
a.
to make it easier to grade the area
b.
to remove weed seeds
c.
appearance
d.
to reduce diseases
e.
to remove barriers to water movement
24.
How many grass species are there in the world?
a.
1,000
b.
2,000
c.
5,000
d.
10,000
e.
20,000
25.
A biological toxin, used to kill lepidoteran larvae (i.e., caterpillars) is derived from:
a.
Bacillus thuringensis
b.
Bacillus popillae
c.
Bacillus subtiilis
d.
Steinernema carpocapsae
e.
pentachloronitrobenzene
26.
This class of herbicides was developed during World War II and the group is very effective for postemergence broadleaf weed control, but are generally not used in St. Augustinegrass:
a.
triazines including atrazine
b.
demethylation inhibitors (e.g., triazoles) such as Banner and Bayleton
c.
phenoxies such as 2,4-D
d.
BT group such as Dipel and Thuricide
e.
dinitroanalines such as Surflan and Pendimethalin
27.
What grass genus contains both a perennial species widely used for turf, an annual species used for overseeding greens in Florida, as well as an annual species that is both a serious weed and managed as turf on greens in Michigan?
a.
Cyperus
b.
Poa
c.
Scapteriscus
d.
Bocafootianus
e.
Stenotaphrum
28.
In a class experiment, we varied the pressure for a two-nozzle, handheld walking spray boom. We learned that:
a.
as pressure increased there was less residue captured per nozzle
b.
based on the pressure we measured, the discharge per nozzle was less than that presented in the Tee Jet book
c.
based on the pressure we measured, the discharge per nozzle was very close to values in the Tee Jet book
d.
there was no measurable friction loss
e.
none of the above
29.
How do grasses differ from other plants?
a.
The first molecule of carbon dioxide fixation in grasses has four carbon atoms.
b.
Grasses have wind-borne pollen unlike all other plant families.
c.
Grasses use more water than trees and grow in wetter areas than trees.
d.
Grasses do not have flowers but have spikelets instead of flowers.
e.
Grasses are a family of monocots with reduced flowers and round stems.
30.
Here is an example of a Latin binomial, of the type first used by Linnaeus:
a.
Paspalum notatum
b.
Argentine bahiagrass
c.
kilogram
d.
drought resistance
e.
tall fescue
31.
K is the chemical symbol for
a.
phosphorus
b.
kryptonite
c.
potassium
d.
manganese
e.
calcium
32.
Which of the following is not a plant nutrient?
a.
aluminum (Al)
b.
iron (Fe)
c.
boron (B)
d.
copper (Cu)
e.
nitrogen (N)
33.
What coefficient of uniformity would be considered adequate for an irrigation system?
a.
99%
b.
90%
c.
80%
d.
50%
e.
25%
34.
A region of development (cell division and growth) which is located at the base, e.g., the base of the turfgrass internode, or the base of the leaf
a.
chloroplast
b.
root hair
c.
intercalary meristem
d.
glume
e.
thatch
35.
The combined loss of water from plants and soil is
a.
translocation
b.
denitrification
c.
photosynthesis
d.
respiration
e.
evapotranspiration
36.
The fertlizer urea (45-0-0) is to be applied at the rate of 1 pound N per thousand square feet. How large a lawn can be treated with one bag (50 pounds)?
a.
1000 square feet
b.
5000 square feet
c.
10000 square feet
d.
half an acre
e.
one acre
37.
You are asked, "How many 50-pound bags of urea 45-0-0 must be applied to 1 acre of turf at the rate of 1 pounds N per thousand square feet."
a.
50
b.
45
c.
20
d.
4.5
e.
2
38.
In south Florida's sandy soil, the most serious nematode pest of turf is:
a.
lance
b.
ring
c.
sting
d.
rootknot
e.
stubby root
39.
Which pest is a piercing sucking insect?
a.
the fall armyworm
b.
the tawny mole cricket
c.
the tropical sod webworm
d.
the white grub
e.
the southern chinch
40.
The most useful evidence in diagnosing what caused a turf problem:
a.
the signs
b.
the history
c.
the environment
d.
the symptoms
e.
the species and variety of grass
41.
This pest damages the turf by tunneling:
a.
Phyllophaga spp
b.
Herpetogramma phaeopteralis
c.
Scapteriscus vicinus
d.
Solenopsis invicta
e.
Blissus insularis
42.
This group of organisms is not known to be a pest of turf in Florida:
a.
weeds
b.
bacteria
c.
roundworms
d.
arthropods
e.
fungi
43.
Dr. Monica Elliott listed the steps in pathogenesis. Which was first in the sequence as she listed them?
a.
penetration
b.
infection
c.
inoculation
d.
dormancy
e.
dissemination
44.
Which group of turf arthropods has the longest (1 to 4 year) life cycle?
a.
chinch bugs
b.
grubs (beetles)
c.
mole crickets
d.
fire ants
e.
mites
45.
An annual bunch type weed of turf, particularly golf and athletic turf:
a.
Hydrocotyle umbellata
b.
Rhizoctonia solani
c.
Panicum repens
d.
Eleusine indica
e.
Solenopsis invicta
46.
The causal agent of brownpatch and other turfgrass diseases:
a.
Urochloa subquadripara
b.
Bacillus thuringensis
c.
Pythium spp.
d.
Blissus insularis
e.
Rhizoctonia solani
47.
Who invented the first mechanical mower in 1830:
a.
Dr. James Beard
b.
Frank Worthington
c.
Tamagotchi Yogimura
d.
Sir Arnold Jacobsen
e.
Mr. Edwin Budding
48.
Which statement is true about rotary heads vs. spray heads?
a.
spray heads are not adjustable, while rotary heads are adjustable
b.
spray heads require more pressure to operate than rotary heads
c.
rotary heads cost more per unit area
d.
rotary heads cost more per head
e.
rotary heads require more heads per unit area
49.
Two common kinds of turf irrigation systems involve either remote valves operating off a main line, or separate lines going in all directions from a central distributor (e.g., of the type often manufactured by K-Rain in Palm Beach County). Which situation is most suitable for the central distributor?
a.
systems using municipal treated water
b.
zones with different use requirements, e.g., shrubs beds vs. turf
c.
small landscapes
d.
long, linear landscapes
e.
St. Augustinegrass
50.
Which component of turfgrass water relationships is hardest to predict and measure?
