Hour Exam #1
Student's name
________________________________________
ORH 3222C - Turfgrass Culture 23
September 1997
Return to Syllabus or Handouts or Old Exams
Multiple choice. (40 pts.)
Please read these carefully. Only one response
correctly answers the question, or completes the statement. Circle the corresponding
letter (a, b, c, d, or e).
| 1. | Compared with C4 grasses, C3 grasses: | |
| a) | have higher CO2 compensation points | |
| b) | thrive in warm climates | |
| c) | are efficient at photosynthesis at high illumination | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 2. | 
Which species has high recuperative ability, is responsive to high rates of N fertilization, and is suitable for full-sun environments? |
|
| a) | St. Augustinegrass | |
| b) | zoysiagrass | |
| c) | bermudagrass | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 3. |
Which factor is very important in determining the evapotranspiration? |
|
| a) | radiant energy level | |
| b) | species of turfgrass | |
| c) | soil type | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 4. |
In establishing turf areas, what practice should occur between rough grading and final seedbed preparation? |
|
| a) | irrigation | |
| b) | planting | |
| c) | removal of vegetation | |
| d) | spraying out noxious perennial vegetation with glyphosate (Roundup) | |
| e) | all of the above | |
| 5. |
Argentine is a cultivar of |
|
| a) | bermudagrass | |
| b) | centipedegrass | |
| c) | St. Augustinegrass | |
| d) | zoysiagrass | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 6. |
A species of turfgrass which originated in South America is |
|
| a) | Stenotaphrum secundatum | |
| b) | Cynodon dactylon | |
| c) | Zoysia japonica | |
| d) | Eremochloa ophiuroides | |
| e) | Paspalum notatum | |
| 7. |
Which warm season turfgrass produces no seed? |
|
| a) | St. Augustinegrass | |
| b) | bahiagrass | |
| c) | centipedegrass | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 8. |
Turfgrass culture originated in |
|
| a) | northern Europe | |
| b) | eastern Asia | |
| c) | Japan | |
| d) | the British Isles | |
| e) | all of the above | |
| 9. |
A species of turfgrass adapted to a wide range of soil pH, is very coarse-textured, and survives relatively poorly in drought, is: |
|
| a) | St. Augustinegrass | |
| b) | bahiagrass | |
| c) | centipedegrass | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 10. |
Tifway is a cultivar within |
|
| a) | Paspalum notatum | |
| b) | Floratam | |
| c) | Festucoideae | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 11. |
In 1985 the southern chinch bug was discovered feeding on, and causing massive damage to, Stenotaphrum secundatum cv. 'Floratam' in a sod farm in Hendry County, Florida. This discovery and subsequent research proved: |
|
| a) | Floratam had lost its resistance | |
| b) | Floratam never was resistant | |
| c) | The southern chinch bug had overcome Floratam | |
| d) | All of the above | |
| e) | None of the above | |
| 12. |
St. Augustinegrass is not produced from seed because: |
|
| a) | It is sterile | |
| b) | The seed is not commercially viable | |
| c) | The germination rate is too low. | |
| d) | All of the above | |
| e) | None of the above | |
| 13. |
In planting new turf areas, it is best to: |
|
| a) | Mix nitrogen thoroughly before planting | |
| b) | Place nitrogen underneath the sod | |
| c) | Place nitrogen on top of the grass after planting | |
| d) | All of the above | |
| e) | None of the above | |
| 14. |
Bahiagrass avoids drought injury by: |
|
| a) | having a deep root system | |
| b) | having the ability to survive defoliation | |
| c) | having a large available soil moisture reserve | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 15. |
The basic unit of the grass inflorescence is called a |
|
| a) | floret | |
| b) | glume | |
| c) | spikelet | |
| d) | bract | |
| e) | caryopsis | |
| 16. |
Compared with most other higher plants, grasses |
|
| a) | have intercalary meristems | |
| b) | are wind pollinated | |
| c) | have reduced floral parts | |
| d) | all of the above | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 17. |
A sod farmer wants to fertilize a 20,000 foot x 80 square-foot block of sod with 1 pound of N per thousand square feet, using Stay Green Branded Fertilizer. What additional information is needed to answer, "How much fertilizer is required?" |
|
| a) | The size of the block | |
| b) | The fertilizer analysis | |
| c) | The type of fertilizer spreader | |
| d) | All of the above | |
| e) | None of the above | |
| 18. |
The combined loss of water from plants and soil is |
|
| a) | photosynthesis | |
| b) | respiration | |
| c) | evapotranspiration | |
| d) | translocation | |
| e) | denitrification | |
| 19. |
In the paper by Kneebone and Pepper, which grass had the most evapotranspiration? |
|
| a) | bermudagrass | |
| b) | tall fescue | |
| c) | zoysiagrass | |
| d) | St. Augustinegrass | |
| e) | none of the above | |
| 20. |
A golf course superintendent tries to figure how long to run an irrigation system for a single irrigation event. Which information can be ignored? |
|
| a) | the available soil moisture reserve in the root zone | |
| b) | the precipitation rate of the irrigation system | |
| c) | the evapotranspiration rate of the turfgrass | |
| d) | the rainfall | |
| e) | none of this information can be ignored | |
Fill in the blank. (10 pts.)
For each blank space, write the word or words that match the statement.
21. The basic unit of the grass inflorescence
22. A bract which is at the base of, and a part of, the spikelet
23. An atmospheric gas which plants used to make carbohydrate
24. Combined loss of water from leaves and soil
25. An important turf practice which is analogous to grazing by bison and burning
26. A growing point within
27. The subfamily of grasses adapted to cool climates
28. Type of mower used on fine turfs
29. When you multiply something you haven't changed it.
30. A means of electronic communication useful for sending messages between computers around the world
Conversion problems. (25 pts.)
Set up the problem, based on what's given and what's asked
for, multiply by the necessary identities, and convert the units of measurement by
canceling. Do not do any arithmetic. You will not be graded on the answer, only on
the setup and conversion. Use the back side if you run out of room
31. A 50 pound bag of 20-0-0 fertilizer is applied to a 5000 ft2 lawn. How many
pounds of nitrogen are applied per thousand square feet?
32. How many bags of 6-2-0 fertilizer are needed to treat a 3000 ft2 lawn at 1 pound N per thousand square feet?
33. Iron sulfate is to be applied to a lawn at the rate of 1 gram iron sulfate per square meter. How many pounds per thousand square feet is this?
34. Lemon Fresh Joy is to be used for mole cricket diagnosis by watering in at 1 ounce per square yard. How many ounces will be required to treat a 1000 ft2 lawn?
35. Which is cheaper per pound of nitrogen, 6-2-0 fertilizer at $12 per 50 bag or 10-10-1 fertilizer at $18 per bag? Show your math.
Short answer/essay (25 pts)
36. What are the components of turfgrass quality? And what are the benefits of turfgrass? And show or explain how these two lists are related
37. Describe the problems of improper turf establishment.
38. Graph the distributions of monthly rainfall and evapotranspiration in southern Florida and show how this predicts the frequency of irrigation. Which is more predictable, rainfall or evapotranspiration? Why?
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